WebAn electron beam with a laser-induced energy modulation as small as 1.8 times the slice energy spread is used for lasing at the seventh harmonic of a 266-nm seed laser in a single-stage high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) setup and the 30th harmonic of the seed laser in a two-stage HGHG setup. WebA high-efficiency gas furnace with modulating gas valve and variable-speed blower provides outstanding efficient and economical heating performance. Unlike single-stage gas …
Advantages of Modulation: Modulating vs. Single and Two-Stage …
WebThese fulfill the requirements of the aforementioned scientific applications. In HGHG FELs [15], a sinusoidal energy modulation is first introduced to the electrons via the … WebSep 27, 2024 · The pulse duration of self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) FELs is essentially determined by the length of the electron bunch, which is typically tens of femtoseconds. ... However, significant bunching at higher harmonics is usually needed to strengthen the energy modulation in HGHG, which will result in degradation of the … can you iron wool blazer
Self-Amplification of Coherent Energy Modulation in …
WebJun 5, 2024 · self-modulation scheme is systematically analyzed and optimized, and further experiments in which the self-modulator is resonant at the second harmonic of the seed laser are conducted. The three-dimensional numerical simulations show that the required seed laser intensity in the self-modulation scheme is around Webison to the HGHG spectrum. Each SASE point is an average of 10 shots, whereas the HGHG data are single shots normalized to the total HGHG pulse energy. The FWHM HGHG bandwidth is ;20 nm, whereas the SASE bandwidth is six times as large. The HGHG single-shot spectrum was recorded by placing a thermal imaging camera at the exit plane of the ... WebHowever, single-stage HGHG suffers from noise during the high-energy modulation, requires high laser power (expen- sive and degrading to the FEL), and is limited to around 20nm [6]. Multiple-stage HGHG can reach shorter wave- lengths, but is … can you iron wool sweater